Normal shader
From Eclat-Digital Ocean 2014 Documentation
A normal shader alters the surface normal of a geometry, as a function of the original normal and shading parameters (UV coordinates, world-space position, etc...). For instance, it may be used to model small distortions over a glazing, without the need to distort the geometry.
Bump map
This shader alters the surface normal based on a height field, given as a grey scale image.
Normal map
This shader alters the surface normal based on an image giving the normal vector in tangent space coordinates.